Eco Material Dictionary

This dictionary focuses on decision quality: each term includes what it means, where it can mislead, and how to apply it in real purchasing or policy choices.

20+
Core terms synthesized
5
Major publication waves
100%
Focus on practical application

Dictionary Entries

Each entry includes definition, trade-off lens, and published date to show how the concept evolved.

Published: May 15, 2026

Mass Balance Allocation

A chain-of-custody model where recycled or biobased feedstock is tracked through a production system in proportion to output claims, rather than physical batch segregation.

Decision tip: confirm which standard applies (e.g. ISCC PLUS, RSB) and whether the claim is product-level or site-level.

Published: May 15, 2026

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)

A verified, life-cycle-based summary of environmental impacts for a product or material, usually following ISO 14025 and relevant product category rules (PCR).

Decision tip: compare functional units, system boundaries, and data age—do not rank materials from headline numbers alone.

Published: May 15, 2026

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

Policy frameworks that shift end-of-life collection, sorting, and financing obligations toward producers and importers, often affecting packaging design and labeling requirements.

Decision tip: map obligations by market and material class; EPR fees can change incentives faster than consumer-facing green labels.

Published: Jan 6, 2025

Low-Carbon Material

A material option with lower life-cycle greenhouse gas intensity than a conventional baseline, considering production energy, transport, durability, and end-of-life.

Decision tip: compare functional equivalence (same performance lifespan) rather than comparing raw kg-to-kg numbers only.

Published: Nov 30, 2024

PFAS-free Claim

Indicates intentional exclusion of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, often used in grease/water-resistant products. Scope and detection limits matter.

Decision tip: request test method, threshold, and whether replacement chemistry was assessed.

Published: Aug 21, 2024

Compostable (Home vs Industrial)

Compostability depends on test standard and operating conditions. Industrial composting and home composting have very different thresholds.

Decision tip: only treat as compostable if your local system accepts that specific certified format.

Published: May 9, 2024

Biobased Material

Derived partly or fully from biomass (corn, sugarcane, cellulose, etc.). Biobased does not automatically mean biodegradable.

Decision tip: separate feedstock origin, land-use impact, and end-of-life pathway before choosing.

Published: Feb 18, 2024

Recycled Content (Post-consumer vs Pre-consumer)

Percentage of material sourced from recovered waste streams. Post-consumer content generally indicates stronger circularity impact than pre-consumer scrap.

Decision tip: ask for third-party verification (GRS/RCS or equivalent) and clarify mass-balance vs physical segregation.